RANCANGAN DETEKTOR GEMPA BERPOTENSI TSUNAMI DENGAN SISTEM MAGNETIC ALTITUDE BERBASIS WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK (ANALISA TERHADAP TINGGI RENDAH GELOMBANG LAUT) DI PESISIR PANTAI KABUPATEN BULELENG
Keywords:
tsunami, detector, sensor, magnetic altitude, BulelengAbstract
Deteksi dini terhadap bahaya bencana alam gempa bumi sangatlah penting diupayakan. Salah satu efek gempa bumi yang terjadi di sekitar pesisir pantai adalah Tsunami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan rancangan prototype detektor gempa berpotensi Tsunami dengan sistem Magnetic Altitude berbasis WSN, menganalisis hasil pembacaan sensor Magnetic Altitude dan sensor tinggi gelombang laut serta korelasi keduanya sebagai indikator peringatan tsunami, menguji kinerja sistem WSN dalam hal jangkauan dan keandalan transmisi data di lingkungan pesisir Buleleng. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian eksperimen, yang dilakukan di pesisir Kabupaten Buleleng pada tahun 2025. Hasil pembacaan gempa bumi dari detektor dengan sistem sensor yang dirancang, menggunakan jaringan sensor network yang disimulasikan oleh shaking table, dengan hasil pencatatannya menggunakan skala shindo. Perancangan sistem detektor ini direalisasikan melalui integrasi tiga subsistem utama: Unit Akuisisi Data Geomagnetik (Magnetic Altitude), Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel (WSN), dan Unit Analisis Tinggi Gelombang Laut. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan sistem detektor gempa berpotensi tsunami menggunakan prinsip Magnetic Altitude terbukti efektif dalam mendeteksi perubahan tinggi-rendah permukaan air laut. Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sensor magnetik dapat mengukur variasi ketinggian gelombang laut yang signifikan dalam range yang ditentukan, yang merupakan indikasi utama dari potensi gelombang tsunami. Sistem ini memiliki potensi besar untuk diterapkan sebagai komponen kunci dalam sistem peringatan dini tsunami lokal di pesisir pantai Kabupaten Buleleng, mengingat karakteristik geografis wilayah yang rawan bencana
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